Fuel pump



Dea. 2.5', 1.928;

.1. w. WHITE.

FUEL PUMP s sheets-sheet; 2

File@ Feb., 19, 1924- Dec. 25, 12,928. y l1,696,825

.1.v w. WHITE FUE'L PUMP v med Feb.. 1.9v 1924 i. :s sheets-sheet s lHis Horny Jeux WILLun WHITE,-

:man

PATENT-ermee.

I' BUFFALO, NEW YQBK.

Applmguon sied rebr'wyis, semi mi. saam.

This-invention relates to an improvement l in a fuel pump, Iand particularly one` adapted for use on h drocarbon engines'and'combined jwith the'oi pump, both pumps being o rated from the cam shaft of the hydrocar n engine. I The chief object of this invention is to provide in a fuel pump a flexible bellows into which the fuel is fed and from which the fuel is driven by the expansion and contraction of i j; along the line 4-4 of Fig. 3;`

Fig. 5 is longitudinal cross section of a' 4o third embodiment taken along the line fri-5 off-Fig. 6;l and 4e 10 isla a Another object of this invention is to provide in a fuel pump means for heating the fuel before itis fed into the carburetor.'v

A further object of this invention is to-pro vide in a single casing a combined fuel and oil pum having a single shaft which operates'bot pumps andwhich is drivenfrom the cam shaft ofa hydrocarbon engine, or

f by any 'other suitable means, thu'seinsurin a constant supply of fuel tothe carburetor o the engine without the useof 'a vacuum sup- Ply* 5g' of the hydrocarbon engine. 1.

' with the'drawings which form a partthereof,

ystem, at a rate dii'ectly proportioned to the speed ofthe engine.

Other objectswill appear from an examination of thespecficationtaken in connection and in which Fig. 1 is a longitudinal cross section taken along the lines 1-1 of Fig. 2 of one'embodiment of this invention; v s

. Fig. 2 is a side elevatioma part being taken in section along the line 2- 2 of Fig. 1

Fig. 3 lis a longitudinal cross section of another embodiment taken along the line 3-3 of Fig. 4;` r ,'Flg.7 4 1s a transverse cross section taken Fig. 6'is a side elevation of suchwembodiment. j The ump casing indicated by the numeral the cylinder block 11 and is provided with a shaft 12, which extends into the cylinder -block'and is vprovided with ai gear 13 which meshes with a gear .14 on the cam `shaft 15/ On the outer end ofthe shaft 12 is mounted a-gear16 which meshes with a gear`17 mount- .1 edupona stud 18 carried by the casing. The gearsl and 17 intermesh, as shown particu-y M ly` in'Fig.f2, the oil being fed into the pump through the inlet 19 and passing 4gut through the I.outlet 2O.v Referring to Fig. 2, it will be noted that this pump is of the well 'known gear type, the oil, entering the inlet 19, bein drawn through the intermeshing gears 16 an' 17 to Athe outlet 20.

In the casing 10 `is provideda transverse pocket ,21, the portion 22'of the shaft passingv across the ocketbeingsquared a's shown in Fig. 2L ccentrically mounted upon the squared'portion 22 is a rin V323 and surroundmg and closely engaging th i ring 23v is a strap l 24. These parts are so formed that the ring has a slip fit in thefstrap24, so that as the ring is rotated -the'trap is caused. to rise and fall. Y Inthe upp r portion of the casing 10 is provlded azcylind'er 25, in which is mounted a piston 26. This piston is in ,the form of a cup and carriesyat its lower surface a lforked block 27 between the forks of which the upper end of the strap '24 projects. A pin 28 through the forks/of the block 27, and the i Mounted in the piston 26 out of contact 'with the walls thereof isa bellows or diaphragml 31, shown particularly in Fig. 1. This bellows is made of very 'thin'material and terminates ,at-its upper edge inan annular flange 32 which extends -between the head 29 and the casing 10. Y Suitablegaskets 33 are Yprovided between the flange 32 and the casing.

and head so that when`the bolts 30 are tightv i ened, the piston 26 of air. 't i At the cefiter f the head 29, above Vthe bellows 31 is formed afvertical passage 34, which terminates in a aredopening 35 noris sealed against the entry l mally closed by a valve plate 36, which rests under the force of gravi upon the mouth of the passage. Aspring3 acts as a limit stop pted to be mounted upon,the side of, when theva'lve is aisedunder certain con ditions to be described later. The' fuel is' fed leo into the\head\29 through an inlet 38 and an I.

inclined passage 39,"w'h1ch enters the vertical f passage 34, a strainer40 inthe intake 39 p reventing the passage of any impurities.

ios-

Thetop of the head 29 is recessed to pro-4 vide a chamber 41 i'n which the valve 36 and sprin 37 are mounted. This chamber is'interna ly threaded and is preferably closed by 'aS lll lll of the head 29, a suitable gasket 44 being provided to seal this connection. From the chamber 41 an outlet 45 is provided as shown may escape from the oil pump into the cham- Vber will be returned to the crank case of the engine.

The operation` of this device may be briefly stated asfollows: As the cam shaft 15 rotates, the oil pumping gears 16 and 17 are set in motion in the regular way, and the oil transmitted to the various parts of the euginc. At the same time the piston 26 is :caused to rise and fall 'in the chamber 25 and the'medium in the piston to be expanded or compressed, the motion being thereby trailsmitted to the bellows 31. By filling the chamber 25 with a non-compressible medium and transmitting the movements of the pis-ff ton to the bellows therethrough the latter flexcs as a unit. In other words, the transmitting medium coacts with all the layers of the bellows, Whereas if pressure be positively applied to the bottom of the bellows co-pending application, Serial #635,7 7, filed April 30,1923, practically all the flexing of the bellows would be in the lowest layers.

When the bellows 31 are allowed to expand by Athe lowering of the piston, fuel is drawn through the inlet 38, and passages 39 and 34 into the. hollow center of the bellows. Upon the upward motion of the piston 26, the bellows are vcompressed and the fuel therein is forced up through the passage 34,

- raising the valve 36 into contact with the spring 37, and through the outlet y45 into the carburetor not shown. The inlet for the fuel is open under all conditions, but it has been found that when the bellows are compressed and the fuel is forced out, the rush of fuel past the mouth of the passage 39 will act to close it, and the flow of fuel will be through the valve 36 to the outlet 45.

Since the oil which passes the pump gears 16 and 17 is at substantially the temperature ofthe cylinder block, a certain amount of `the heat therefrom is absorbed by the casing 10 and the casing in turn raises the temperature of the fuel. The temperature ofthe oil varies directly with the performance of the engine and consequently the temperature of the fuel fed from the pump bellows 26 varies accordingly. This warming of the fuel befor it reaches the carburetor improves its atomiz'ation in the carburetor and 1s directly dependent upon the performance of theengine so thatv at high s eed where the most com leteatomizatmn 1s essential, the fuel will the warmest.

The embodiments illustrated in Figs. 3,04,

`land 6 differ from that shown in Figs. 1 and v2 4in several respects, one being that they are not combined oil and fuel pumps but are pumps `for fuel only, other pumping means ,not shown being provided for the oil.

412 is formed a cylindrical chamber 101 in which reciprocates a piston 102. The piston 102 is in the form of an inverted cup and carries at its under side a forked block 103. The piston 102 is connected to the shaft 12 by a strap 104 having at its lowel` end a circular hole 105 in which the ring 100 rotates.

The upper end ofthe strap enters the space y between the forks 106 and is held in place by a cross pin 107. The ring 100 has a slip fit in the hole 105 so that the irotation of the shaft causes the piston 102 to reciprocate iu the chamber 101.

Mounted inthe chamber 101 above the piston 102 is abellows or diaphragm 108. This bellows is of very thin material and terminates at its upper edge in an annular flange 109. The chamber 101 is closed by ahead 110 removably securedf to the easing 10 by bolts 111. The flange 109 lies between the upper edge of the easing 10 and the head 110 and is clamped in place, suitable gaskets 112 being provided to seal the chamber against the entry of air.

At the center of the head 11.0 is formed a vvertical passage 113 closed at'the top by a ofthe springs 121 can be regulated as deby a flap valve 127, one end of which is se-` cured to the upper side of the head 110 by suitable means such as a bolt 128. An orifice 129 connects the passage 113 to the passage 123 for a reason pointed 'out below.

e not at any time come into contact. The skirts 13 1 of the piston bear closely against the walls of the chamber 101 so that any air or other fluid by which the space between the piston `and the bellows may be filled cannot escape easily. The fluid Ain the space 130. surrounds the bellows 108, and thus the pressure upon the fluid by the upward stroke of the piston is transmltted to the bellows causing it to contract and expel any fluid therein throu h the valvef`118 of the passage `115 acl -, chamber 101 into the cra i ,carbon-engine,

`in ,case the ou of all the fuel,

.intot e fioa-t tank of the carburetor',. Should the tank be full and the feedcut off in the usual way, the valve 117 will be raised and the excess fuel will escape through the passage 1514 and orifice 129 until a sufficient amount is discharged. During this action the valve 127 seals the passage124.

Upon the downward stroke of the piston i 102 the bellows 108 expands opening the valve A127 ,and drawing a fresh supply of fuel.

through the passages 123, 124. Since the assa e 113` is closed by ythe'bol't 114 any uel orced through the valve 117 by-passes through the orifice 129 into the passage 124 andV lie-enters the' pump, when the piston retracts and the valve 127 is opened. The valve- 117 is adjusted to open less freel than thevalve 118 and thus acts as a relie valve tiet tube 116 cannot take, care The lower end or sum 101 which receives the rmg 100 is filled with oil and a by ass 133 is rovided from the case ofthe cylinder block. An openin 134 is' also' formed throu h the bearing o the shaft 12 to permit the lubrication of .the shaft. AIn1'the casing 10 in front of the shaft 1'2 is formed an a lrture'- 135 normally'closed bya cap rough which aperture access may be had to the ring 100 'and the sump 132.

l,The embodiment 'shown in Figs. 5 and 6, like theone. just described, pumps fuel only and is actuated by thecam shaft of a hydro- Thijs' pump comprises `a casing 10 mounted juponthe. cylinder block 11 and actuated. from the cam shaft'4 15 by means to beset forth below. At theend of the casing 10 islfnounteda head 150 lhaving a cylindricaldepression/therein at the side adjacent the caslng. This depressionkforms a eliamberll within which is mounted an 'Kopen -mouthedvbellow's or diaphragm v152 preferably of the wlphon type.4 The bellows I 1s supported in the chamber by an annular flange 153 which lies between the head 150 p 132 of the chamber( and thecasing providedso that the chamber is completely l sealed by the bolts 155:.

Within 'the' casing `y10 is mounted a sleeve 156 in which reciprocates a piston 157, a slip v fit being provided between iston and sleeve.

The outer end 158. of the piston-157 projects i into the interi r' 159- of the bellows 152.,5Atv

the inneg1 end f the piston is formed ahead 160 which bears against a cam 161 on `the shaft 15.' Between the sleeve 156 and the.

4casing wall is provided an annular pocket 162 in which is mounted an expansion coil spring-163, one end'ef the spring bearing against the base of the pocket and the other bearing against the head 160 holding itrat all times in contact'with the cam 161.'l

The piston 157 is hollow and in communication with' the interior 159 of the bellows, these parts being filled with heav :oil or other suitable fluid which isvput un er pres.

sure as the pistony advances.. Since the bel lows 152 are fiexible, it must follow that v when the piston is advanced the bellows are, by the fluid pressure, exp'andeda/nd when the iston is retracted the bellbyvs'will return o its normal condition. l

At thetop of the.head 15,0 is provided a vertical passage 164 which leads from the chamber 151 to the atmos here. The upper end of the `pa ge 164 is 'c osed by a tap bolt 1 165 below whilli is provided an annular space 166. At' the bottom f the formed an annular seat167 which receives a space y166 is valve .disc 168 normally esting upon the `,seat .l

167 by the force ofgrav'ity. From -the space 166 leads an outlet tube 1169. Into the asing the space 166 and escaping through the sage 164 adjacentfthe-chamber 1514 lea vs a tube V169. On the under face l,of the bolt 165 is formed a boss 172 which limits the' rise A of the valve disc.168.' The operation'of lieve'd to have been set-out fully in the description of the. various features and will not be ascribed at anyiength'at this time. Itissufiicient` to state that the advance and'. re-

Vtraction of the piston controls through the fluid -thexpansion andcontraction ofy tvl bellows 112.hrThi1ezlpansion'of theilellp 1 152 expe t oug t e ssage164 e ue inthe chamber 1.5 14 d)a this embodiment is-bee 'l an the contraction of the bellows replaces this by sucking fresh fuel into the chamber from the tube 171 through the passages 170 and 164.

While several embodiments'of this invention have been shown and described, appli-A cant is not limited thereto, since it is obvious that other embodiments can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention as set forth in the following claims.

Having thus set forth my invention what I claim as new and for which I desire protection by Letters Patent is:

1. .A fuel pump comprising a. casing. a bellows therein open at one end, which end is rigidly secured to said casing, a cup-like piston in said casing surrounding said bellows and out of contact therewith, said piston containing fluid which fills the space between said bellows and the walls of said piston, aud means for reciprocating said piston and thereby through said fluid controlling the expansion and contraction of saidbellows.

2. In a fuel 'pump a cup-shaped piston, a bellows in said piston' adapted to receive fuel. an inlet to and an outlet from said bellows, a non-compressible medium in said piston around said bellows and means for reciprocating said piston whereby the medium therein compresses said bellows at intervals said bellows when permitted expandingl to its normal condition, the expansion and compression of said bellows drawing fuel. through said inlet and-expelling it through said outlet.

3. A fuel pump comprising a shaft, a cupshaped piston, a bellows in said piston, a strap eccentrieally surrounding and engaging said shaft, whereby the rotation of said' shaft actuates said'strap, said strap .being so mounted as to transmit motion to said piston, a non-compressible medium in said piston adapt-ed to transmit the motion of said piston to said bellows, means for suppl ing fuel to said bellows and an outlet valve t Ierefrom where-by the fuel is drawn into and expelled from said bellows Vas the latter is expanded, and compressed.

4. A fuel pump comprising a cup-shaped piston, a bellows in saidpiston, said bellows being closed atl one end and the open end being at the open end of said piston, a non'- compressible medium in said piston surrounding said bellows, means for supplying fuel into said bellows and for permitting the escape of fuel therefrom and means for reciprocating said piston whereby said bellows will be compressed or expanded through the movement of said non-compressible medium.

5; The combination with am engine crank oase of a fuel pump mounted thereon and a easing for said pulnp in colmnunication. with said crank case, whereby heat is conducted' from said crank case to said pump and to the fuel passing therethrough.

6. The combination with fa hydrocarbon motor having a crank case and a cam shaft, of 'a fuel pump comprising a casing mounted upon said crank case, said casing having a passage opening into said crank case, a piston in said casing and means operating said piston, said means extending into said crank l ease and actuated by said cam shaft, and a JOHN WILLIAM WHITE. 

